Madinah is located in the north-western part of the Kingdom, to the east of the Red Sea, which lies only 250 km (155 miles) away from it. It is surrounded by a number of mountains: Al-HujaZ, or Pilgrims' Mountain to the West, Sala' to the north-west, Al-E'er, or Caravan Mountain to the south and Ohud to the north. 

Madinah is situated on a flat mountain plateau at the junction of the three valleys of Al-Agl, Al-Aqiq, and Al-Himdh. For this reason, there are large green areas amidst a dry mountainous region. 

The city is 620 meters (2,046 ft.) above sea level. Its western and southwestern parts have many volcanic rocks. 

Madinah lies at the meeting -point of longitude 39 and 36 degree east and latitude 24 to 28 north. It covers and area of about 50 square kilometers (19 square miles)